Fiqh Ramadan: Hukum Ujian Saringan COVID-19 Semasa Berpuasa β Hospital Pakar An-Nur Bandar Baru Bangi Fiqh of Ramadan: Ruling on COVID-19 Screening While Fasting β An-Nur Specialist Hospital Bandar Baru Bangi
Fiqh Ramadan: Berpuasa & COVID-19Fiqh of Ramadan: Fasting & COVID-19
Adakah ujian saringan COVID-19 melalui nasal swab membatalkan puasa? Penjelasan fiqh berdasarkan dalil dan keputusan Majlis Penasihat Shariah Hospital Pakar An-Nur. Does a COVID-19 nasal swab screening invalidate the fast? A fiqh explanation based on evidence and the ruling of the An-Nur Specialist Hospital Shariah Advisory Council.
The following is a fiqh discussion, prepared in Bahasa Melayu, on whether a COVID-19 nasal-swab screening invalidates the fast β preserving the Arabic text, references and the conclusion of the An-Nur Shariah Advisory Council.
Apa Itu Ujian Saringan COVID-19?What Is a COVID-19 Screening?
- Ujian saringan COVID dijalankan dengan cara mengambil sampel swab (kapas kesat) yang diambil dari hidung dan mulut.
- Swab poliester kecil mempunyai batang panjang. Petugas kesihatan akan memasukkannya jauh ke dalam mulut dan/atau hidung, dan mengikis bahagian kerongkong (back of throat) atau hidung di bahagian yang dikenali sebagai (nasofarinks).
- Kedalamannya adalah beberapa inci, kira-kira jarak yang sama dari mulut atau hidung, ke telinga.
- Timbul persoalan pada bulan Ramadan ini sama ada ujian saringan Covid ini akan membatalkan puasa atau tidak?
- Kupasan berkenaan isu ini boleh dibahagikan kepada dua pendapat.
- A COVID screening is carried out by taking a swab sample from the nose and mouth.
- The small polyester swab has a long shaft; a health worker inserts it deep into the mouth and/or nose, brushing the back of the throat or the part of the nose known as the nasopharynx.
- The depth is a few inches β roughly the same distance from the mouth or nose to the ear.
- The question that arises during Ramadan is whether this COVID screening invalidates the fast or not.
- The discussion of this issue can be divided into two opinions.
Dua Pendapat UlamaTwo Scholarly Opinions
Membatalkan PuasaIt Invalidates the Fast
Pertama, secara umumnya mengikut Mazhab Syafie, antara perkara yang membatalkan puasa adalah, memasukkan sesuatu ke dalam rongga / al-jawf iaitu ruang selepas halkum hingga usus dan tali perut melalui ruang yang sedia terbuka seperti telinga dan mulut.
Melihat kepada definisi asas ini, maka ujian saringan covid menggunakan nasal swab sehingga ke bahagian halkum adalah membatalkan puasa kerana berlaku proses memasukkan sesuatu ke dalam rongga al-jawf.
According to the general view of the ShΔfiΚΏΔ« school, one of the things that invalidates the fast is introducing something into the body cavity (al-jawf) β the space from beyond the throat down to the intestines and bowels β through a naturally open passage such as the ear or mouth.
Based on this basic definition, a COVID screening using a nasal swab that reaches the throat invalidates the fast, because something is being introduced into the al-jawf cavity.
Tidak Membatalkan PuasaIt Does Not Invalidate the Fast
Pendapat Kedua pula, jika kita lihat kepada hukum menjalani prosedur endoskopi iaitu memasukkan kamera ke dalam perut melalui saluran pemakanan, mulut ke halkum sehingga ke perut, Majma' Fiqh Islami dalam persidangannya yang ke-10 bersepakat mengatakan proses endoskopi tidak membatalkan puasa kerana:
- Ia bukan makanan dan tidak memberikan kesan penyegaran.
- Ia sekadar alat yang dimasukkan ke dalam rongga hidung / tekak dan dikeluarkan semula, iaitu bersifat sementara.
Prosedur nasal swab dalam ujian saringan COVID juga begitu. Ia bukanlah proses memasukkan makanan, tidak memberi kesan penyegaran dan alat yang dimasukkan pula bersifat sementara.
For the second opinion, consider the ruling on undergoing an endoscopy β inserting a camera into the stomach via the digestive tract, from mouth through the throat down to the stomach. The MajmaΚΏ al-Fiqh al-IslΔmΔ«, in its 10th session, agreed that the endoscopy procedure does not invalidate the fast because:
- It is not food and gives no nourishing/refreshing effect.
- It is merely an instrument inserted into the nasal cavity / throat and then withdrawn β i.e. temporary in nature.
The nasal-swab procedure in COVID screening is likewise: it is not the introduction of food, gives no refreshing effect, and the instrument inserted is temporary.
Keputusan Majlis Penasihat Shariah Hospital Pakar An-NurRuling of the An-Nur Shariah Advisory Council
Dalam mengambil kira situasi semasa, situasi pendemik COVID-19, masyaqqah (kepayahan) dan taysir (kemudahan), Majlis Penasihat Shariah, Hospital Pakar An-Nur bersetuju dengan pandangan bahawa proses saringan COVID-19 melalui proses nasal swab adalah tidak membatalkan puasa.
Taking into account the present circumstances, the COVID-19 pandemic situation, masyaqqah (hardship) and taysir (facilitation), the Shariah Advisory Council of An-Nur Specialist Hospital agrees with the view that COVID-19 screening through the nasal-swab process does not invalidate the fast.
Soalan Lazim β Berpuasa & COVID-19FAQ β Fasting & COVID-19
Majlis Penasihat Shariah Hospital Pakar An-Nur bersetuju bahawa proses saringan COVID-19 melalui nasal swab tidak membatalkan puasa, kerana ia bukan proses memasukkan makanan, tidak memberi kesan penyegaran dan alat yang dimasukkan bersifat sementara.
The An-Nur Shariah Advisory Council agrees that COVID-19 screening through a nasal swab does not invalidate the fast, because it is not the introduction of food, gives no refreshing effect, and the instrument inserted is temporary.
Pendapat pertama (umum Mazhab Syafie) menyatakan memasukkan sesuatu ke dalam rongga (al-jawf) melalui ruang terbuka membatalkan puasa. Pendapat kedua merujuk hukum endoskopi yang diputuskan oleh Majma' Fiqh Islami (persidangan ke-10) β tidak membatalkan puasa kerana bukan makanan, tidak menyegarkan dan bersifat sementara.
The first opinion (general ShΔfiΚΏΔ« view) holds that introducing something into the cavity (al-jawf) through an open passage invalidates the fast. The second opinion refers to the endoscopy ruling of the MajmaΚΏ al-Fiqh al-IslΔmΔ« (10th session) β it does not invalidate the fast because it is not food, not refreshing, and temporary.
Dengan mengambil kira situasi pandemik COVID-19, masyaqqah (kepayahan) dan taysir (kemudahan), serta menyamakan nasal swab dengan prosedur endoskopi, Majlis memutuskan saringan COVID-19 melalui nasal swab tidak membatalkan puasa.
Taking into account the COVID-19 pandemic, masyaqqah (hardship) and taysir (facilitation), and analogising the nasal swab to an endoscopy, the Council ruled that COVID-19 screening through a nasal swab does not invalidate the fast.
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