Tekanan darah ditulis sebagai dua nombor, contohnya 120/80. Nombor atas (sistolik) ialah tekanan semasa jantung mengepam; nombor bawah (diastolik) ialah tekanan semasa jantung berehat. Bacaan berubah sepanjang hari dengan aktiviti, stres, kafein dan waktu. Jadi satu bacaan sahaja tidak cukup. Carta di bawah menunjukkan setiap kategori ikut CPG KKM, dari optimal hingga tahap 3, supaya anda boleh padankan angka anda sendiri.
Blood pressure is written as two numbers, for example 120/80. The top number (systolic) is the pressure when the heart pumps; the bottom number (diastolic) is the pressure when the heart rests. Readings change through the day with activity, stress, caffeine and time. So a single reading isn't enough. The chart below shows each category under the Malaysian CPG, from optimal to stage 3, so you can match your own numbers.
Kenapa Angka Ini Penting — Malaysia
Why This Number Matters — Malaysia
Mengikut National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2023, kira-kira 3 dari 10 dewasa Malaysia menghidap darah tinggi — dan hampir separuh tidak tahu mereka mengidapnya. Darah tinggi dipanggil "silent killer" kerana ia jarang memberi simptom, tetapi ia ialah punca utama strok, serangan jantung dan kegagalan buah pinggang. Mengetahui bacaan anda lebih awal membolehkan kawalan sebelum kerosakan berlaku.
According to the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2023, roughly 3 in 10 Malaysian adults have high blood pressure — and nearly half don't know they have it. High blood pressure is a "silent killer" because it rarely causes symptoms, yet it's a leading cause of stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. Knowing your reading early lets you control it before damage occurs.
Alat percuma: ada bacaan di tangan? Masukkan ke dalam Kalkulator Tekanan Darah An-Nur untuk melihat terus kategorinya mengikut carta CPG Hipertensi KKM, sama ada bacaan klinik atau bacaan di rumah, termasuk purata beberapa bacaan.
Free tool: have a reading in hand? Enter it in An-Nur’s Blood Pressure Calculator to see its category on the Malaysian Hypertension CPG chart straight away, for clinic or home readings, including an average of several readings.
Carta Bacaan Tekanan Darah Ikut CPG KKM
Blood Pressure Chart (Malaysian CPG)
Padankan bacaan anda di bawah. Carta ini mengikut Jadual 1-A CPG Pengurusan Hipertensi KKM (2018), panduan rasmi yang digunakan doktor di Malaysia. Nilai dalam mmHg: sistolik (atas) dan diastolik (bawah).
Match your reading below. This chart follows Table 1-A of the Malaysian CPG on Management of Hypertension (2018), the official guideline used by doctors in Malaysia. Values are in mmHg: systolic (top) and diastolic (bottom).
Sumber: CPG Pengurusan Hipertensi KKM Edisi ke-5 (2018), Jadual 1-A dan 1-B. Hipertensi sistolik terpencil ialah sistolik 140 atau lebih dengan diastolik bawah 90. Untuk bacaan di rumah, purata 135/85 atau lebih sudah dikira tinggi. Nak terus tahu kategori anda? Masukkan bacaan dalam Kalkulator Tekanan Darah.
Source: Malaysian CPG on Management of Hypertension, 5th Edition (2018), Tables 1-A and 1-B. Isolated systolic hypertension is a systolic of 140 or more with a diastolic below 90. For home readings, an average of 135/85 or more already counts as high. Want your category straight away? Enter your reading in the Blood Pressure Calculator.
Cara baca: untuk dikira Normal, kedua-dua nombor mesti rendah. Untuk kategori lebih tinggi, satu nombor sahaja yang mencapai paras itu sudah memadai (contoh: 135/92 = darah tinggi tahap 1 kerana nombor bawah 90 ke atas). Satu bacaan tinggi tidak semestinya darah tinggi. Ia perlu disahkan pada beberapa hari berlainan. Tetapi bacaan 180/110 atau lebih perlu dinilai doktor segera.
How to read it: to count as Normal, both numbers must be low. For the higher categories, just one number reaching that level is enough (e.g. 135/92 = stage 1 hypertension because the bottom number is 90 or above). One high reading isn't necessarily hypertension. It needs confirming over several different days. But a reading of 180/110 or more needs a doctor urgently.
🚨 Bila Tekanan Darah Tinggi Jadi Kecemasan
🚨 When High Blood Pressure Is an Emergency
Bacaan 180/110 mmHg atau lebih ialah darah tinggi teruk. Jika disertai sakit dada, sesak nafas, sakit kepala teruk, penglihatan kabur, atau lemah sebelah badan, ia kecemasan perubatan. Terus ke Unit Kecemasan atau hubungi 03-8923 5518 (A&E 24 Jam). Jangan tunggu.
A reading of 180/110 mmHg or more is severe hypertension. With chest pain, breathlessness, severe headache, blurred vision, or one-sided weakness, it is a medical emergency. Go straight to the Emergency Department or call 03-8923 5518 (24-Hour A&E). Don't wait.
Bacaan Anda Tinggi? Ini Yang Patut Dibuat
Your Reading Is High? Here Is What to Do
Satu bacaan tinggi belum bermakna anda ada darah tinggi. Tetapi jangan abaikannya. Langkah seterusnya:
One high reading doesn't mean you have hypertension. But don't ignore it. Your next steps:
- Ukur semula dengan betul. Rehat 5 minit, duduk tegak, ukur pada masa sama beberapa hari. Jika kekal tinggi, sahkan dengan Pakar Kardiologi atau saringan jantung.
- Re-measure properly. Rest 5 minutes, sit upright, measure at the same time over several days. If it stays high, confirm with a Cardiologist or a heart screening.
- Periksa risiko berkaitan. Darah tinggi sering bergandingan dengan diabetes & kolesterol tinggi, dan boleh merosakkan buah pinggang secara senyap — pertimbangkan saringan menyeluruh.
- Check related risks. High BP often pairs with diabetes & high cholesterol, and can silently damage the kidneys — consider a full screening.
- Ubah gaya hidup. Kurangkan garam, turunkan berat badan, bersenam, hadkan kafein & alkohol, berhenti merokok. Jika doktor memberi ubat, jangan berhenti sendiri.
- Change your lifestyle. Cut salt, lose weight, exercise, limit caffeine & alcohol, stop smoking. If your doctor prescribes medication, don't stop it on your own.
Rujukan klinikal: MedlinePlus (NIH) · CPG Pengurusan Hipertensi KKM (2018) · Mayo Clinic — High Blood Pressure